Palabras clave
Rehabilitación Neurológica
Accidente Cerebrovascular
Limitación de la Movilidad
Cómo citar
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Dimensions
Resumen
Introducción: El síndrome del empujador es un trastorno postural poco conocido pero relativamente frecuente. Ocurre cuando los pacientes sentados o en posición ortostática utilizan los miembros no paréticos para empujar (empujar) hacia el lado parético, lo que resulta en una postura inclinada, resistiendo con el lado no parético cualquier intento de corrección postural. Este es un desafío para las enfermeras de rehabilitación. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar las estrategias a ser utilizadas en la atención de Enfermería de Rehabilitación a personas con síndrome del empujador después de un ictus.
Metodología: Revisión integrativa de la literatura, con síntesis narrativa de 9 artículos resultantes de investigaciones en Medline y Web of Science.
Resultados: Existe unanimidad en cuanto a las estrategias para formar a las personas con síndrome del empujador. Estos implican guiar a la persona hacia su línea media, utilizando estrategias de retroalimentación visual. El entrenamiento del equilibrio, la facilitación cruzada y los ejercicios de alternancia de peso, el entrenamiento de levantamiento/sentado con transferencia de peso al lado no afectado y el entrenamiento de transferencia con guía verbal y la ayuda de profesionales, en ambos lados, son fundamentales. El espejo es un recurso frecuente en los estudios analizados.
Conclusión: Hay poca evidencia sobre las estrategias a utilizar en la persona con síndrome del empujador. El uso de instrumentos de evaluación, además de permitir la caracterización de la alteración postural, será determinante en la planificación de los cuidados. La colocación de un espejo ajedrezado en las salas y/o baños de las unidades/servicios es un recurso fundamental.
Citas
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Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Portuguesa de Enfermería de Rehabilitación
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